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| SMATalk: Standard Malay Text to Speech Talk System
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Signal Processing: An International Journal (SPIJ) |
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Volume: 2 Issue: 5 |
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Pages: 1-26 |
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Publication
Date: October 2008 |
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ISSN
(Online): 1985-2339 |
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Pages |
1 - 16 |
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Author(s) |
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Published
Date |
15-11-2008 |
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Publisher |
CSC
Journals, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia |
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ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION |
| Keywords Abstract References Cited by Related Articles Collaborative
Colleague |
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KEYWORDS: Phones prosody, speech synthesis, Standard Malay, DSP, Natural Language Processing |
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| This paper presents a rule-based text- to- speech (TTS) Synthesis System for
Standard Malay, namely SMaTTS. The proposed system using sinusoidal
method and some pre- recorded wave files in generating speech for the system.
The use of phone database significantly decreases the amount of computer
memory space used, thus making the system very light and embeddable. The
overall system was comprised of two phases the Natural Language Processing
(NLP) that consisted of the high-level processing of text analysis, phonetic
analysis, text normalization and morphophonemic module. The module was
designed specially for SM to overcome few problems in defining the rules for SM
orthography system before it can be passed to the DSP module. The second
phase is the Digital Signal Processing (DSP) which operated on the low-level
process of the speech waveform generation. A developed an intelligible and
adequately natural sounding formant-based speech synthesis system with a light
and user-friendly Graphical User Interface (GUI) is introduced. A Standard Malay
Language (SM) phoneme set and an inclusive set of phone database have been
constructed carefully for this phone-based speech synthesizer. By applying the
generative phonology, a comprehensive letter-to-sound (LTS) rules and a
pronunciation lexicon have been invented for SMaTTS. As for the evaluation
tests, a set of Diagnostic Rhyme Test (DRT) word list was compiled and several
experiments have been performed to evaluate the quality of the synthesized
speech by analyzing the Mean Opinion Score (MOS) obtained. The overall
performance of the system as well as the room for improvements was thoroughly
discussed.
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| 1 |
Allen J., Hunnicut S., Klatt D. (1987). “From Text To Speech, The MITTALK System”. Cambridge University Press, USA.
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Dutoit T. (1996), “A Short Introduction to Text-to-Speech Synthesis”. TTS research team, TCTS Lab., Mons, Belgium
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http://tcts.fpms.ac.be/synthesis/introtts.html
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http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/miller98pronunciation.html
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Sproat R. (1998), “Text Interpretation for TTS Synthesis”, Bell Labs., Murray Hill, New Jersey, USA.
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http://cslu.cse.ogi.edu/HLTsurvey/ch5node5.html#SECTION53
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Samsudin, Nur-Hana and Kong, Tang Enya. (2004, October). A Simple Malay Speech Synthesizer Using Syllable Concatenation Approach, MMU International Symposium on Information and Communications Technologies 2004 (M2USIC 2004).
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Bamini, P. K. (2003). FGPA-based Implementation of Concatenative Speech Synthesis Algorithm. Master thesis, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Florida
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| 26 |
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| 27 |
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| 29 |
Howitt, Andrew Wilson (1995). Linear Predictive Coding. Retrieved July 10, 2006 http://www.otolith.com/otolith/olt/lpc.html
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Klabbers, Esther A. M. (2000). Segmental and Prosodic Improvements to Speech Generation. PhD dissertation. Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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Lehana, P. K. and Pandey, P. CP.K. Lehana and P.C. Pandey (2004). Harmonic Plus Noise Model Based Speech Synthesis in Hindi And Pitch Modification. Proc. 18th International Congress on Acoustics, ICA 2004, 3333-3336
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Yi, Jon Rong-Wei. (1998). Natural-Sounding Speech Synthesis Using Variable-Length Units. Master thesis. Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute Of Technology.
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| 37 |
Malay Language, retrieved 2006, May. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_language
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| 38 |
Kee, Tan Yeow, Seong, Teoh Boon and Haizhou, Li. (2004). Grapheme to Phoneme Conversion for Standard Malay.
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Selected Publications Refereed Journals - International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)
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Research Cluster - International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)
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| Othman O. Khalifa : Colleagues
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| Zakiah Hanim Ahmad : Colleagues
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| Aisha-Hassan A. Hashim : Colleagues
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| Teddy Suya Gunawan : Colleagues
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